ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF SKIN AND APPENDAGES

Michela Bosetti (12 h – 2 ECTS)
After a PhD in Molecular Medicine, in 2001 she was enrolled as research leader group and assistant Professor in Human Anatomy at the School of Pharmacy (UPO) and from 2015 she was appointed Associate Professor. Her research interests include the development and evaluation of novel biomaterials and tissue regeneration of bone and cartilage.
Academic lecturers: 5

Guest lecturers : 1

Laboratory: 6

Carla Distasi (12 h – 2 ECTS)
After a PhD in Physiological Sciences, she performed research at Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire – CNRS – Gif−sur−Yvette – France, at the Département de Physiologie – Centre Médical Universitaire – Geneve – Switzerland and at the Dipartimento di Biologia Animale e dell’Uomo – University of Torino – Italy. Currently, she is Associate Professor in Physiology and head of the Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Biophysics (UPO). Her research interests include ionic channels, growth factors (bFGF), neurotransmitters, hormones and calcium signals.
Academic lecturers: 8

Guest lecturers : 4

Laboratory: 0

Title Anatomy and physiology of skin and appendages (4 ECTS)
Program

ANATOMY

The Integumentary System.

Gross structure of skin and underlying tissues, of the skin appendages and of the skin lines. Skin structure: layers of epidermis, the papillary dermis, the reticular dermis, hypodermis.

Bosetti M.  – 1 hour

The Integumentary System.

Microscope-Learning 1: the skin and the hypodermis.

Bosetti M. – 2 hours (laboratory)

The Integumentary System.

Appendages of the skin: nails, hair and hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands. The skin throughout life. Disorders of the integumentary system.

Bosetti M. – 1 hour

The Integumentary System.

Microscope-Learning 2: appendages of the skin and examples of disorders.

Bosetti M. – 2 hours (laboratory)

In vitro models to study skin tissue regeneration.

2D and 3D culture models; scaffolds; static and dynamic culture models; histologic morphometric and biochemical evaluations.

Scientific results on blood derivatives (PRP).

Scientific results on lipoaspirate.

Bosetti M. and guest lecturer – 3 hours

Skin tissue engineering.

Upside Down

Bosetti M.  – 1 hour

Skin tissue engineering.

Research Project and histology exam.

Bosetti M. – 2 hours (laboratory)

 

PHYSIOLOGY

Functions of the Integumentary System.

The role of the skin in the protection from invasion by microorganisms, chemicals and other environmental factors and in preventing the body dehydration.
Endocrine functions of the skin.
The role of the skin in the body thermoregulation
Sensory functions of the skin.

Distasi C. – 8 hours

Physiology of skin vasculature

Guest lecturer, 1 hour

Protective effects of natural compounds on the hair follicle

Guest lecturer – 1 hour

Standardized in vitro methods to assess the adverse impact of metal oxides nanoparticles on human skin

Guest lecturer – 2 hours
Textbooks

Gray’s Anatomy, The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice.

Junqueira’s Basic Histology: Text and Atlas.

Lever’s Histopathology of the Skin.

Walter Boron and Emile Boulpaep. Medical Physiology. Elsevier. (3trd edition).

Dale Purves, George J. Augustine, David Fitzpatrick, William C. Hall, Anthony-Samuel LaMantia, Richard D. Mooney, Michael L. Platt, and Leonard E. White. Neuroscience.  Sinauer (6th edition).

The slides of the lectures and additional material such as scientific publications, laboratory protocols etc. will be available to students.
Objectives

The course aims to provide students with adequate information regarding:

– gross anatomy of skin and microscopic confidence in its structure;

– technical skills to study in vitro skin regeneration;

– search in the literature to develop an idea of skin regeneration identifying strengths and weaknesses;

– multiple roles of the skin in homeostasis including protection, regulation of body temperature, sensory reception, water balance, synthesis of vitamins and hormones, and absorption of materials.
Prerequisites

Fundamentals of mathematics, physics, chemistry, biochemistry, cellular biology, cell physiology, human anatomy and physiology.

Basic knowledge of anatomy and physiology is mandatory and can be acquired by pre-course intensive tutoring.

Silverthorn, Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach, Global Edition, 8e
Teaching methods Lectures, seminars by experts in the field, lab practicals, upside down class.
Expected Results The students will acquire comprehensive theoretical knowledge of the structure and role of skin in the human body physiology. They will develop a substantial set of skills, including the ability to critically analyse and discuss clinical and experimental themes related to skin structure and functions and the knowledge of their possible applications in other scientific fields. They will acquire the use of specific scientific and technical language improving their competence in the scientific communication.
Exam modality

The exam mark will be composed of two parts: a written test that will cover the material delivered in lectures and seminars (50% of the mark) and a project work in the form of a written essay that will cover the literature knowledge. The topic will be assigned by the lecturers and will be due on the same day of the exam.

Written test: the written exam will take place in the computer room and will consist of 50 (25 for Anatomy and 25 for Physiology) closed questions. Multiple choice questions, true / false questions, completion type questions and matching type questions are the most frequent types of test questions.

Written test evaluation criteria: True/ False Questions: 1 point for correct answer; -1 point for wrong answer; 0 points for not responding. Multiple choice questions: 1 point for correct answer; – 0.5 points for the wrong answer if the question allows you to choose from three options, -0.33 between four, -0.25 out of five, etc.; 0 points not responding. The penalty scores will be homogenously distributed for all tests.

Rules for the written test – The test will be monitored: No Internet, No Second Screen, No outside help. You will be allowed 1 hour to complete all 2 sections (Anatomy and Physiology) of the test.

Written essay evaluation criteria:

  • Balanced fair and correct
  • Synthesis and communicative skills
  • Timely and pertinent

Rules for the written essay – max 2 pages, single line spacing, character 12 + figures (optional) + bibliography and graphical abstract (mandatory)

 

TITLE

Anatomy and physiology of skin and appendages (4 ECTS)

 

PROGRAM

ANATOMY

The Integumentary System.

Gross structure of skin and underlying tissues, of the skin appendages and of the skin lines. Skin structure: layers of epidermis, the papillary dermis, the reticular dermis, hypodermis.

Bosetti M.  – 1 hour

The Integumentary System.

Microscope-Learning 1: the skin and the hypodermis.

Bosetti M. – 2 hours (laboratory)

The Integumentary System.

Appendages of the skin: nails, hair and hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sweat glands. The skin throughout life. Disorders of the integumentary system.

Bosetti M. – 1 hour

The Integumentary System.

Microscope-Learning 2: appendages of the skin and examples of disorders.

Bosetti M. – 2 hours (laboratory)

In vitro models to study skin tissue regeneration.

2D and 3D culture models; scaffolds; static and dynamic culture models; histologic morphometric and biochemical evaluations.

Scientific results on blood derivatives (PRP).

Scientific results on lipoaspirate.

Bosetti M. and guest lecturer – 3 hours

Skin tissue engineering.

Upside Down

Bosetti M.  – 1 hour

Skin tissue engineering.

Research Project and histology exam.

Bosetti M. – 2 hours (laboratory)

 

PHYSIOLOGY

Functions of the Integumentary System.

The role of the skin in the protection from invasion by microorganisms, chemicals and other environmental factors and in preventing the body dehydration.
Endocrine functions of the skin.
The role of the skin in the body thermoregulation
Sensory functions of the skin.

Distasi C. – 8 hours

Physiology of skin vasculature

Guest lecturer, 1 hour

Protective effects of natural compounds on the hair follicle

Guest lecturer – 1 hour

Standardized in vitro methods to assess the adverse impact of metal oxides nanoparticles on human skin

Guest lecturer – 2 hours

TEXTBOOKS

Gray’s Anatomy, The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice.

Junqueira’s Basic Histology: Text and Atlas.

Lever’s Histopathology of the Skin.

Walter Boron and Emile Boulpaep. Medical Physiology. Elsevier. (3trd edition).

Dale Purves, George J. Augustine, David Fitzpatrick, William C. Hall, Anthony-Samuel LaMantia, Richard D. Mooney, Michael L. Platt, and Leonard E. White. Neuroscience.  Sinauer (6th edition).

The slides of the lectures and additional material such as scientific publications, laboratory protocols etc. will be available to students.

OBJECTIVES

The course aims to provide students with adequate information regarding:

– gross anatomy of skin and microscopic confidence in its structure;

– technical skills to study in vitro skin regeneration;

– search in the literature to develop an idea of skin regeneration identifying strengths and weaknesses;

– multiple roles of the skin in homeostasis including protection, regulation of body temperature, sensory reception, water balance, synthesis of vitamins and hormones, and absorption of materials.

PREREQUISITES

Fundamentals of mathematics, physics, chemistry, biochemistry, cellular biology, cell physiology, human anatomy and physiology.

Basic knowledge of anatomy and physiology is mandatory and can be acquired by pre-course intensive tutoring.

Silverthorn, Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach, Global Edition, 8e

TEACHING METHODS

Lectures, seminars by experts in the field, lab practicals, upside down class.

EXPECTED RESULTS

The students will acquire comprehensive theoretical knowledge of the structure and role of skin in the human body physiology. They will develop a substantial set of skills, including the ability to critically analyse and discuss clinical and experimental themes related to skin structure and functions and the knowledge of their possible applications in other scientific fields. They will acquire the use of specific scientific and technical language improving their competence in the scientific communication.

EXAM MODALITY

The exam mark will be composed of two parts: a written test that will cover the material delivered in lectures and seminars (50% of the mark) and a project work in the form of a written essay that will cover the literature knowledge. The topic will be assigned by the lecturers and will be due on the same day of the exam.

Written test: the written exam will take place in the computer room and will consist of 50 (25 for Anatomy and 25 for Physiology) closed questions. Multiple choice questions, true / false questions, completion type questions and matching type questions are the most frequent types of test questions.

Written test evaluation criteria: True/ False Questions: 1 point for correct answer; -1 point for wrong answer; 0 points for not responding. Multiple choice questions: 1 point for correct answer; – 0.5 points for the wrong answer if the question allows you to choose from three options, -0.33 between four, -0.25 out of five, etc.; 0 points not responding. The penalty scores will be homogenously distributed for all tests.

Rules for the written test – The test will be monitored: No Internet, No Second Screen, No outside help. You will be allowed 1 hour to complete all 2 sections (Anatomy and Physiology) of the test.

Written essay evaluation criteria:

  • Balanced fair and correct
  • Synthesis and communicative skills
  • Timely and pertinent

Rules for the written essay – max 2 pages, single line spacing, character 12 + figures (optional) + bibliography and graphical abstract (mandatory)

Last modified: July 13, 2020

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